Phytochemicals, therapeutic benefits and applications of chrysanthemum flower: A review
Niharika Sharma,
Radha,
Manoj Kumar,
Neeraj Kumari,
Sunil Puri,
Nadeem Rais,
Suman Natta,
Sangram Dhumal,
Nelson Navamaniraj,
Deepak Chandran,
Pran Mohankumar,
Muthamilselvan Muthukumar,
Marisennayya Senapathy,
Vishal Deshmukh,
Rahul D. Damale,
T. Anitha,
V. Balamurugan,
G. Sathish,
Jose M. Lorenzo
Affiliations
Niharika Sharma
School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, India
Radha
School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, India; Corresponding author.
Manoj Kumar
Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR–Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai, 400019, India; Corresponding author. Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR–Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai, 400019, India.
Neeraj Kumari
School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, India
Sunil Puri
School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, India
Nadeem Rais
Department of Pharmacy, Bhagwant University, Ajmer, 305004, India
Suman Natta
ICAR—National Research Centre for Orchids, Pakyong, 737106, India
Sangram Dhumal
Division of Horticulture, RCSM College of Agriculture, Kolhapur, 416004, India
Nelson Navamaniraj
Seed Centre, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, Tamil Nadu, India
Deepak Chandran
Department of Animal Husbandry, Government of Kerala, Palakkad 679335, Kerela, India
Pran Mohankumar
Department of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Amrita School of Agricultural Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Coimbatore 642109, India
Muthamilselvan Muthukumar
Department of Entomology, SRM College of Agricultural Sciences, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu 603201, Tamil Nadu, India
Marisennayya Senapathy
Department of Rural Development and Agricultural Extension, College of Agriculture, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia
Vishal Deshmukh
Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Yashwantrao Mohite Institute of Management, Karad, India
Rahul D. Damale
ICAR—National Research Centre on Pomegranate, Solapur 413255, Maharashtra, India
T. Anitha
Department of Postharvest Technology, Horticultural College and Research Institute, Periyakulam, 625604, India
V. Balamurugan
Department of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai, India
G. Sathish
Department of Postharvest Technology, Horticultural College and Research Institute, Periyakulam, 625604, India
Jose M. Lorenzo
Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, rúa Galicia n◦ 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900, Ourense, Spain; Corresponding author. Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, rúa Galicia n◦ 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900, Ourense, Spain.
Chrysanthemum is a flowering plant belonging to a genus of the dicotyledonous herbaceous annual flowering plant of the Asteraceae (Compositae) family. It is a perpetual flowering plant, mostly cultivated for medicinal purposes; generally, used in popular drinks due to its aroma and flavor. It is primarily cultivated in China, Japan, Europe, and United States. These flowers were extensively used in various healthcare systems and for treating various diseases. Chrysanthemum flowers are rich in phenolic compounds and exhibit strong properties including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-allergic, anti-obesity, immune regulation, hepatoprotective, and nephroprotective activities. The main aim of the present review was to investigate the nutritional profile, phytochemistry, and biological activities of flowers of different Chrysanthemum species. Also, a critical discussion of the diverse metabolites or bioactive constituents of the Chrysanthemum flowers is highlighted in the present review. Moreover, the flower extracts of Chrysanthemum have been assessed to possess a rich phytochemical profile, including compounds such as cyanidin-3-O-(6″-O-malonyl) glucoside, delphinidin 3-O-(6'' -O-malonyl) glucoside-3′, rutin, quercetin, isorhamnetin, rutinoside, and others. These profiles exhibit potential health benefits, leading to their utilization in the production of supplementary food products and pharmaceutical drugs within the industry. However, more comprehensive research studies/investigations are still needed to further discover the potential benefits for human and animal utilization.
