Научный журнал Российского НИИ проблем мелиорации (Aug 2019)

INCREASING WINTER WHEAT PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY BY COMPLEX MINERAL FERTILIZERS APPLICATION

  • A. Yu. Levkina,
  • A. P. Solodovnikov,
  • A. S. Linkov,
  • S. S. Aleksenko

DOI
https://doi.org/10.31774/2222-1816-2019-3-110-122
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 35, no. 3
pp. 110 – 122

Abstract

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The aim of the research was to study methods for increasing productivity, grain quality and adaptation of winter wheat based on agrochemicals application while minimizing the primary soil cultivation under the conditions of Saratov Trans-Volga region. The studies were conducted on the dark chestnut soils of the experimental field of scientific training production association “Povolzh’e” Saratov State Agrarian University in 2016–2018. The two-factor experiment was laid out according to the following scheme: factor A – methods of primary tillage of bare fallow: 1) moldboard cultivation with the PLN-8-35 plow to 23–25 cm (control 1); 2) subsoil tillage with chisel plow SSD-4 to 30–32 cm; 3) minimum tillage with disk harrow BDM 7×3 to 10–12 cm; 4) mixed cultivation with Boykov plow PBS-8M for 23–25 cm; factor B – agrochemicals: 1) control 2 (without fertilizers); 2) AgroVerm – 3 l/ha (fertilizers based on humic acids); 3) Reasil micro (Cu) – 1.5 l/ha (fertilizers based on humic acids); 4) Megamix number 10 – 0.5 l/ha (mineral fertilizer); 5) Microvit – 0.5 l/ha (mineral fertilizer); 6) NanoSilicon – 100 g/ha (mineral fertilizer). The research results showed that minimizing tillage in bare fallow for winter wheat reduces its yield by 13.7 %. A mixed cultivation (2.64 t/ha) provides the maximum yield. The greatest effect from fertilizers application was observed at minimal tillage: the yield increase by 8.8 %, the amount of protein – by 0.5 %, gluten – by 2.2 %. These figures were 5.7; 0.2; 0.8 % at plowing, 4.9; 0.5; 2.1 % at subsoil tillage, 5.5; 0.3; 0.7 % at mixed cultivation. Mineral fertilizers Megamix number 10 (0.5; 2.0 %) and Microvit (0.4; 1.7 %) provided the maximum increase in quality indicators in various methods of primary cultivation from the studied agrochemicals, and the lowest – fertilizers based on humic acids AgroVerm (0.4; 1.2 %) and Reasil micro (Cu) (0.2; 0.8 %).

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