Effects of Preemptive Eye Drops Ketorolac plus Tetracaine on Pain Intensity and Hemodynamic Changes in Cataract Surgery

Abstract

Abstract Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of preemptive adding topical Ketorolac to Tetracaine drop on pain intensity and hemodynamic parameters during and after cataract surgery. Materials and Methods: Eighty patients scheduled for elective cataract surgery under sedation and topical anesthesia, were randomly allocated to two equal groups: group T received Tetracaine 0.5%, and group TK received Tetracaine with ketorolac eye drops. One drop of each ophthalmic drug was applied every 10 minutes from 30 minutes before surgery. Pain intensity and hemodynamic parameters were assessed just before starting the operation and 5, 10, 15and 20 minutes during the operation, and then 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes after arrival of the patient to the recovery room. Results: Mean pain intensity was significantly lower in TK group (1 ± 0.128) compared with T group (2 ± 1.54) during the surgery (p = 0.003), but there was no significant difference between the two groups in this regard during the recovery time (p =0.157). The number of patients requiring additional analgesic was not significantly different between the groups. There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding hemodynamic parameters except at 20th minutes and 15th and 20th minutes (heart rate and respiratory rate) after arrival to the recovery room. Conclusion: Preemptive adding topical Ketorolac to Tetracaine drop is more effective than Tetracaine alone to reduce pain during cataract surgery.

Keywords

• Cataract
• Hemodynamic
• Ketorolac
• Pain
• Preemptive
• Tetracaine
• Topical.