Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research (Mar 2018)
Molecular Imprints of Bacteria in Oxalate Containing Kidney Stone: A Preliminary Report
Abstract
Introduction: Most of the world’s part, including India comes under stone belt area, where incidences and frequency of kidney stone are high. Presence and diversity of bacteria inside the Calcium-Oxalate (CaOx) stones and its role in kidney stone formation is poorly studied. Aim: To report the presence and diversity of bacteria in CaOx kidney stones. Materials and Methods: The present retrospective study conducted in National Centre for Cell Science, Maharashtra, India (November 2012 to November 2015). A total of 120 kidney stone samples from 24 subjects (having symptomatic recurrent kidney stone episodes) had been collected from a retrospective study. These were subjected to Fourier Transformation Infrared (FTIR) spectral analysis. Bacterial diversity inside the kidney stone nidus anticipated with making gene library clones and sequencing of 16S rRNA gene as a molecular marker. Results: The FTIR spectral analysis revealed that the stones were of pure CaOx in nature. Successful clone library preparation for 16S rRNA gene confirmed the bacterial imprints in the kidney stones. The present analysis indicate that the microbes present in stones are diverse in origin. Bacillus was found to be the major genus whiles the other five genera viz., Acinetobacter, Enterococcus, Leucobacter, Prolinoborus, and Streptococcus as diversity prospects in CaOx stone nidus. Conclusion: The present study report the presence of bacteria inside the nidus of CaOx stones through the molecular approach; which may help urologist to understand that bacteria can be associated with formation of CaOx stones. Further, we suggest that these bacteria may be associated with recurrent episodes of stones; hence, underscores the need for use of suitable antibacterial therapy along with surgical procedures to remove them.
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