深度酶法脱胶和物理精炼生产一级大豆油Production of first-grade soybean oil by deep enzymatic degumming and physical refining

Abstract

为生产高品质的一级大豆油，以大豆原油为原料，采取深度酶法脱胶、预复脱色、填料塔和板式塔脱臭、双捕集器捕集工艺生产一级大豆油。对于磷含量600~800 mg/kg的大豆原油，采用磷脂酶C(PLC)、磷脂酶A1(PLA1)/磷脂酶A2(PLA2)脱胶，选用低酸性活性白土脱色，先进填料塔脱酸，再进8层板式塔脱除微量组分，脱臭条件为温度230~240 ℃（可调）、真空度100~150 Pa、时间100 min（可调），采取双捕集器分别捕集维生素E含量10%~12%、酸值（KOH)40~50 mg/g和维生素E含量低于1%、酸值（KOH)130~140 mg/g的馏出物。在该工艺条件下，一级大豆油3-氯丙醇酯含量678.9 μg/kg，2-氯丙醇酯含量310.3 μg/kg，缩水甘油酯含量860 μg/kg，反式脂肪酸含量0.886%，精炼得率提高2%左右。In order to produce high-quality first-grade soybean oil, with crude soybean oil as raw material, first-grade soybean oil was produced using deep enzymatic degumming, pre-decolorization, packed tower and plate tower deodorization, and double catchers processes. For crude soybean oil with phosphorus content of 600-800 mg/kg, PLC, PLA1/PLA2 were used for degumming, low acidic active clay was used for decolorization, packed tower was used for deacidification, and then an 8-layer plate tower was used for deodorizing microcomponent and the deodorization conditions were temperature 230-240 ℃ (adjustable), vacuum degree 100-150 Pa, and time 100 min (adjustable), and double catchers were used to capture distillates with VE content 10%-12% and acid value 40-50 mgKOH/g, and VE content less than 1% and acid value 130-140 mgKOH/g. Using this process, the contents of 3-chloropropanol ester, 2-chloropropanol ester, glycidyl ester and trans fatty acid in first-grade soybean oil were 678.9, 310.3, 860 μg/kg and 0.886%, respectively, and the refining yield increased by about 2%.

Keywords

• 深度酶法脱胶；物理精炼；3-氯丙醇酯；缩水甘油酯；反式脂肪酸
• deep enzymatic degumming; physical refining; 3-chloropropanol ester; glycidyl ester; trans fatty acid