Erythrocytes number in healthy individuals and anaemia laminar blood flow in the Ulnar vein in both men and women: The analysis of multi-phase heat transfer for medical application

Abstract

One of the main blood problems is anaemia. In this blood disease, the major problem is the insufficient number of red blood cells (BCs). Anaemia may affect daily activities and reduce the patient’s ability to do the daily routine. The cause of this problem is carrying less oxygen all over the body. This study investigated the impact of red BCs number on heat transfer (HT) through the Ulnar vein. To simulate non-Newtonian blood flow (BF) in the Ulnar vein, the power-law (PL) viscosity model with different indexes and constant heat flux is exerted to the calculation zone. The finite volume method, SIMPLE scheme, and multi-phase BF are used. The blood pressure drop and the Reynolds number (Re) are directly related, but they have a reverse relationship with the number of red BCs. Also, inadequate red BCs number affects dimensionless (dl) HT numbers in women more than men. The mediocre wall shear stress (SS) increases with enhancement Re and PL indexes. With enhancement PL indexes in all investigated parameters, the calculated parameters increased. An insufficient number of red BCs in anaemia for both men and women cause pressure drop reduction and lower thermal conductivity of BF.

Keywords

• Blood flow
• Power-law index
• Multi-phase
• Ulnar vein blood vessel
• Red blood cell
• White blood cell