Microbial Association with Genus <i>Actinomyces</i> in Primary and Secondary Endodontic Lesions, Review
Mario Dioguardi,
Cristian Quarta,
Mario Alovisi,
Vito Crincoli,
Riccardo Aiuto,
Rolando Crippa,
Francesca Angiero,
Enrica Laneve,
Diego Sovereto,
Alfredo De Lillo,
Giuseppe Troiano,
Lorenzo Lo Muzio
Affiliations
Mario Dioguardi
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Rovelli 50, 71122 Foggia, Italy
Cristian Quarta
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Rovelli 50, 71122 Foggia, Italy
Mario Alovisi
Department of Surgical Sciences, Dental School, University of Turin, 10127 Turin, Italy
Vito Crincoli
Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, Division of Complex Operating Unit of Dentistry, “Aldo Moro” University of Bari, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
Riccardo Aiuto
Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Science, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
Rolando Crippa
Department of Oral Pathology, Italian Stomatological Institute, 20122 Milan, Italy
Francesca Angiero
Department of Medical Sciences and Diagnostic Integrated, S. Martino Hospital, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
Enrica Laneve
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Rovelli 50, 71122 Foggia, Italy
Diego Sovereto
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Rovelli 50, 71122 Foggia, Italy
Alfredo De Lillo
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Rovelli 50, 71122 Foggia, Italy
Giuseppe Troiano
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Rovelli 50, 71122 Foggia, Italy
Lorenzo Lo Muzio
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Rovelli 50, 71122 Foggia, Italy
The main reason for root canal treatment failure is the persistence of microorganisms after therapy, or the recontamination of the root canal system due to an inadequate seal. In the mouth, Actinomyces spp. constitute a significant part of the normal flora, which is indicative of their ability to adhere to oral tissue and resist cleansing mechanisms, such as salivary flow. This review, performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA), aims to clarify the prevalence of microbial genera that are associated with the genus Actinomyces in primary and secondary endodontic infections (primary outcome), and to identify the most prevalent species of the Actinomyces genus in endodontic lesions (secondary outcome). A total of 11 studies were included in the qualitative and quantitative analysis, and a total of 331 samples were analyzed. Bacteria of the genus Actinomyces were found in 58 samples, and 46 bacterial genera were detected in association with bacteria of the genus Actinomyces. Bacteria of the genus Streptococcus and Propionibacterium were those most frequently associated with Actinomyces in the endodontic lesions considered, and Actinomyces israelii was the most frequently involved species.
