A COVID-19-Related Kawasaki Disease: Our First Multi-system Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Case

Abstract

A new type of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) epidemic, which started in the last months of 2019, has spread rapidly all over the world and caused many deaths, especially in adults. Recently, a syndromic condition caused by the hyperinflammatory response that is thought to be due to this new pandemic coronavirus factor has been identified, especially in the childhood age group. It has been stated that this response is particularly similar to Kawasaki disease and can manifest itself with multiorgan involvement. This new clinical condition was defined as pediatric inflammatory multi-system syndrome temporally associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 or multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children associated with COVID-19. In this case presentation, a nine-year-old male patient was admitted to our emergency department with complaints similar to ones in Kawasaki disease. The patient was followed up in our pediatric intensive care unit due to hypotension and myocarditis, as well as likely macrophage activation syndrome and simultaneous COVID-19 positivity. For Kawasaki disease, intravenous immunoglobulin, acetylsalicylic acid, low molecular weight heparin and methylprednisolone; for myocarditis, enalapril and furosemide; and for COVID-19, favipiravir was administered to the patient. We would like to present our case to exemplify clinicians dealing with pediatric patients and to assist in easier recognition, prevention, diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 in all children worldwide.

Keywords

• children
• covid-19
• multi-system inflammatory syndrome