Frontiers in Medicine (Jun 2022)

Factors Associated With the Decay of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1 IgG Antibodies Among Recipients of an Adenoviral Vector-Based AZD1222 and a Whole-Virion Inactivated BBV152 Vaccine

  • Sivaprakasam T. Selvavinayagam,
  • Yean Kong Yong,
  • Hong Yien Tan,
  • Ying Zhang,
  • Gurunathan Subramanian,
  • Manivannan Rajeshkumar,
  • Kalaivani Vasudevan,
  • Priyanka Jayapal,
  • Krishnasamy Narayanasamy,
  • Dinesh Ramesh,
  • Sampath Palani,
  • Marie Larsson,
  • Esaki M. Shankar,
  • Sivadoss Raju

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.887974
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 9

Abstract

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BackgroundThe magnitude of protection conferred following recovery from COVID-19 or by vaccine administration, and the duration of protective immunity developed, remains ambiguous.MethodsWe investigated the factors associated with anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1 IgG decay in 519 individuals who recovered from COVID-19 illness or received COVID-19 vaccination with two commercial vaccines, viz., an adenoviral vector-based (AZD1222) and a whole-virion-based inactivated (BBV152) vaccine in Chennai, India from March to December 2021. Blood samples collected during regular follow-up post-infection/-vaccination were examined for anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1 IgG by a commercial automated chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA).ResultsAge and underlying comorbidities were the two variables that were independently associated with the development of a breakthrough infection. Individuals who were >60 years of age with underlying comorbid conditions (viz., hypertension, diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease) had a ~15 times and ~10 times greater odds for developing a breakthrough infection and hospitalization, respectively. The time elapsed since the first booster dose was associated with attrition in anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG, where each month passed was associated with an ebb in the anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody levels by a coefficient of −6 units.ConclusionsOur findings advocate that the elderly with underlying comorbidities be administered with appropriate number of booster doses with AZD1222 and BBV152 against COVID-19.

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