Clinical Nutrition Open Science (Oct 2022)
Antioxidative properties of Adansonia digitata L. (baobab) leaf extract exert protective effect on doxorubicin-induced cardiac toxicity in Wistar rats
Abstract
Summary: Scope: Doxorubicin (DOX), for decades, is one of the most widely used and successful chemotherapeutic drug but its cumulative and dose-dependent cardiac toxicity has been the major concern of oncologists in cancer therapeutic practice. Aim: In this study, the antioxidative properties of Adansonia digitata leaf extract to protect heart against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in wistar rats was evaluated. Material and Methods: Thirty male wistar rats (100±0.35 g) grouped into five of six (6) each: group1 (normal control) received 0.5 mL of distilled water; group 2 received 20 mg/kg of DOX only; group3 treated with 20 mg/kg of DOX +100 mg/kg of A. digitata leaf extract; group4 received 20 mg/kg of DOX + 200 mg/kg of A. digitata leaf extract and group5 was administered 20 mg/kg of DOX+400 mg/kg of A. digitata DOX was administered subcutaneously weekly while extract was fed orally for three weeks respectively. Result: Quantitative analysis revealed some bioactive compounds: phenols, flavonoids, saponin, alkaloid and phenols (168.26±40, 26.07±0.15, 16.18±0.31 and 10.03±0.10 mg/100ml). Significant increase (P.0.05) in the groups orally fed with the extract compared with group2. Variations of activities of SOD, CAT, and GPX were observed in the groups treated with the extracts compared with DOX induced untreated rats. Conversely, Protein concentration increased in all the test groups administered extract as against group2. Histopathological revealed infiltration of inflammatory cells and congestion in the blood vessels. Administration of the extract showed predominantly normal structure without inflammatory cell infiltration. Conclusion: It has been demonstrated that A. digitata leaf extract exert protective effects on DOX-induced cardio toxicity in wistar rats.
