Горные науки и технологии (Mar 2018)
Ways of improving blasting methods of dimensional stone quarrying in intensively fractured rock mass
Abstract
The findings of the review of available information on geological conditions of the Drugoretskoye gabbro-diabase deposit are presented. Special attention is paid to the characteristics of fracture sets, since it is this factor that largely determines the deposit development process environment and profitability. Information on dimensional stone quarrying productivity is presented in the form of graphs. Based on these data, the problem of gradual decreasing the quality indicators of the deposit development was revealed. Taking into account the fact that the main factors determining yield of commercial blocks are natural and induced fracturing, it was assumed that this problem is caused by insufficient knowledge of the deposit and excessive impact of blasting operations on the gabbro-diabase rock mass during mining. The insufficient knowledge does not allow reasonable planning mining and blasting operations, and the existing blasting method has a number of disadvantages that prevent from limiting disruptive impact on the rock mass. The findings of the review of domestic and foreign methods of controlling the action of blasting in the process of dimensional stone quarrying, detailed exploration of a rock mass fracturing, and modeling of jointing bounded by fractures are presented. Conclusions are drawn about the inapplicability of most of available quarrying methods in the considered case due to too high fracturing of the gabbro-diabase rock mass and the need to develop fundamentally new methods to increase the quarrying productivity. As a result, the lines of research were determined for development of methods and techniques allowing to quickly respond to changes in mining and geological conditions and control disruptive blasting effect in the process of dimensional stone quarrying in intensively fractured rock masses.
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