Овощи России (Jan 2025)
Beans (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.) in Altai region
Abstract
Relevance. Strengthening Russia's food security is one of the most important tasks and the main goal of agricultural producers and scientists in our country. The introduction of new or insufficiently mastered agricultural crops into the production process, which contributes to the fulfillment of the tasks set by the Government of the Russian Federation, the use of high-yielding varieties adapted to the conditions of cultivation, the intensification of agrotechnologies or their elements – these are currently relevant and feasible tasks.Materials and Methods. In 2021-2022, 9 varieties of common beans and 3 local forms of the foothill region of the Altai Territory were studied at the educational and experimental field of the Altai State Agrarian University: reaction and responsiveness to the conditions of the Ob zone of the Altai Territory.Results. Currently, common beans in the Siberian region are of interest not only to amateur gardeners, but also to manufacturers. Our research made it possible to select the most adapted varieties of common beans to the conditions of the Priobskaya zone of the Altai Territory. The different responsiveness of varietal samples to the conditions of the zone was revealed. Technical maturity was noted in all varieties in the experiment. The average yield obtained from the experiment was 1.09 t/ha. A significant excess of the standard yield – 1.56 t/ha was obtained from the Mf1 variety – 1.82 t/ha. The yield was reliably obtained at the standard level for the varieties: Businka – 1.37 t/ha, Zebra – 1.44 t/ha and Mf2 – 1.58 t/ha. The yield of varieties under the conditions of the experiment is obtained below, presented by the originators when describing the varieties. The mass of 1000 grains varied significantly in the experiment. Mf1 (436.2 g) and Mf2 (394.2 g) received excess weight of 1000 grains from the standard (318.7 g).Conclusion. Based on the data obtained, three varieties were identified as effective for further production and scientific work: Sirenevaya, Zebra, Businka and two local forms: Mf1 and Mf2.
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