Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia (Apr 2006)
Rastreamento mamográfico do câncer de mama em serviços de saúde públicos e privados Breast cancer mammographic screening in public and private health care systems
Abstract
OBJETIVO: avaliar a utilização da mamografia no rastreamento do câncer de mama em serviços de saúde públicos e privados. MÉTODOS: realizou-se estudo seccional entrevistando-se 643 mulheres submetidas à mamografia na cidade de Taubaté, região Sudeste do Brasil: 472 atendidas em serviços de saúde públicos e 171 em serviços privados. Avaliaram-se, por meio dos testes de chi2, exato de Fisher e Wilcoxon, o perfil sociodemográfico e reprodutivo das entrevistadas e características de utilização da mamografia, tais como, a proporção de entrevistadas previamente rastreadas, a idade de início do rastreamento, o intervalo e a freqüência entre as mamografias realizadas. RESULTADOS: as médias de idade das entrevistadas em ambos os grupos foram similares. As proporções de mulheres previamente rastreadas - respectivamente 54,2 e 79,5% em serviços públicos e privados - assim como a idade de início desse rastreamento - 46,8 anos (DP 10,2) nos serviços públicos e 40,2 anos (DP 7,7) nos privados - diferiram significativamente (pPURPOSE: to evaluate the characteristics of mammography use and the social demographic profile of women accessing public and private health care services. METHODS: a cross-sectional study was carried out in the city of Taubaté, southeast Brazil. Six hundred and forty-three women who underwent mammographic examinations in the available health care services were interviewed, 472 of them in public and 171 in private health services. The social demographic and reproductive profiles of the women interviewed and the characteristics of the mammography use, such as the proportion of the women interviewed who had been previously screened, the age when the screening began, the interval between the screenings and their frequency, were evaluated by means of the Fisher exact, Wilcoxon and chi2 tests. RESULTS: the mean age of the interviewed women was similar in both studied groups. The proportion of women previously screened 54.2 and 79.5% in public and private services, respectively as well as the age when the screening began 46.8 years (SD 10.2%) in public services and 40.2 years (SD 7.7) in private services differed significantly (p<0.01). Twenty-five percent of women older than 50 years did not follow the adequate standards of periodic screening. CONCLUSIONS: the way of accessing health services has influenced the proportion of women previously screened and the age at which this screening began, being more adequate in the private health system. Although there was a later start in the public health services, the age when the mammographic screening began was earlier than the current official recommendations. There has been a failure of compliance with mammographic screening in women older than 50 years, in both researched groups.
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