Impact of physical activity, BMI and sociodemographic and lifestyle factors on the risk of diabetes in 9,511 Ghanaian adults
Guillermo Felipe López Sánchez,
María Rosa Vigueras Hernández ,
Pablo Lucas Casas ,
Roksana Zauder,
Joanna Jastrzębska ,
Maria Skalska ,
Lukasz Radzimiński ,
Zbigniew Jastrzębski ,
Shahina Pardhan
Affiliations
Guillermo Felipe López Sánchez
Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
María Rosa Vigueras Hernández
Reina Sofía University General Hospital, Murcia, Spain
Pablo Lucas Casas
Reina Sofía University General Hospital, Murcia, Spain
Roksana Zauder
Interdisciplinary Centre for Mathematical and Computational Modelling, University of Warsaw, Poland
Joanna Jastrzębska
Department of Pediatrics, Diabetology and Endocrinology, Gdansk Medical University, Gdansk, Poland
Maria Skalska
Department of Pediatrics, Diabetology and Endocrinology, Gdansk Medical University, Gdansk, Poland
Lukasz Radzimiński
Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland
Zbigniew Jastrzębski
Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland
Shahina Pardhan
Vision and Eye Research Institute, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Education, Medicine and Social Care, Cambridge Campus, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of physical activity, BMI, sociodemographic and life-style factors on the risk of diabetes in Ghana. We analyzed data from 9,511 Ghanaian adults that had participated in Waves 0 and 1 of the World Health Organization Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health. To assess diabetes participants were asked: “Have you ever been diagnosed with diabetes (high blood sugar)?”. The impact of nine exposure variables (physical activity, BMI, sex, age, marital status, education, smoking, alcohol intake, and fruit and vegetables consumption) on the risk of diabetes was analyzed with chi-square tests and multivariate regression analyses, separately in each wave to observe the evolution of diabetes risk factors in Ghana. In both adjusted and unadjusted analyses, the exposure characteristics significantly associated (p<0.05) with dia-betes were < 600 MET-minutes/week of physical activity (wave 1), obesity (wave 0), female sex (wave 1), age ≥ 60 years (waves 0 and 1) and education (wave 1). Therefore, these factors should be taken into account to develop public health strategies to reduce diabetes in Ghana. Considering the results of this study, an adequate strategy might be the implementation of physical education programs in people with obesity, women and older adults from Ghana.
