International Journal of Nanomedicine (Jan 2019)
Curcumin nanoparticles are a promising anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory agent for treating periprosthetic joint infections
Abstract
Kuo-Ti Peng,1,2 Yao-Chang Chiang,3,4 Tsung-Yu Huang,5,6 Pei-Chun Chen,1 Pey-Jium Chang,6,7 Chiang-Wen Lee3,4,8,9 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Puzi City, Chiayi County 61363, Taiwan; 2College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Guishan District, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan; 3Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Puzi City, Chiayi County 61363, Taiwan; 4Division of Basic Medical Sciences, and Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion Research Center, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Puzi City, Chiayi County 61363, Taiwan; 5Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan; 6Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; 7Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan; 8Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Guishan District, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan; 9Department of Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Puzi City, Chiayi County 61363, Taiwan Background: Periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) have a high incidence of recurrence after total joint replacement and are difficult to treat by debridement or antibiotic treatment. Curcumin is a natural product with anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties. The low bioactivity of curcumin in water restricts its clinical application. Curcumin nanoparticles (CURN) were developed to overcome this limitation.Methods: In this study, the therapeutic effects of CURN and their anti-inflammatory functions were investigated in a Staphylococcus aureus biofilm-induced PJIs model. Results: CURN first attenuated the biofilm-induced expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and then regulated M1- and M2-phenotypic MDSC expression. Down-regulation of cytokines and reactive oxygen species was considered as the mechanism of CURN in reversing the suppression of T cell proliferation. The recovery of bone permeative destruction demonstrated that CURN enhanced therapeutic potency of vancomycin in vivo. Conclusion: This is the first study to demonstrate that CURN may be useful for treating PJIs. Keywords: periprosthetic joint infections, osteomyelitis, Staphylococcus aureus, myeloid-derived suppressor cells
