SERVICE CLASS MAN “CITIES” ON THE VORONEZH RIVER ON THE CUSP OF 1670-80s: COMPOSITION OF MILITARY FORMATIONS AND DEFENSE FUNCTIONS

Abstract

The article analyzes the military formations of a group of southern cities on the Belgorod line. Russian Russian military settlements in the Voronezh river region at the end of the Russo-Turkish war of 1673-1681 are studied by the author. It was a difficult time for the country, when important reforms of the army were carried out. The article studies the evolution of the armed forces under the influence of reforms of the second half of the XVII century. The author comes to the conclusion that at this time there was a special typological subgroup of fortresses of the Belgorod category, the characteristics of which can not be extended to all its serving krepsoti. The impact of military reforms and the transfer of military contingents in the regiments of the "new system" led to a doubling of the number of their municipal corporations. Many military settlements have retained their traditional structure. They were engaged in the defense of their County. Others were sent on long campaigns to war (regimental service). The author shows that most of the military corporations have been focused on the service in your County. The article gives General characteristics of the defensive systems of Russian fortresses on the Voronezh River. The predominance in this group of low-status"new" settlements led to the transfer of their military contingents in the course of military reform mainly in the soldiers ' regiments. Service soldiers were considered not very honorable. It interferes with reforms. The author concludes that in the 1680s the local service did not cease to be relevant and absorbed the bulk of the forces of local military corporations. This increased the social disunity of serving people.

Keywords

• military reform
• military settlement
• south of the fortress
• the category of belgorod
• belgorod hell
• soldiers
• guards
• dety boyrskie (serving landowners)