Renovascular Hypertension: Unraveling a Case of Mixed Histiocytosis

Abstract

Renovascular hypertension is a cause of secondary hypertension. Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis and fibromuscular dysplasia are the main causes, but other rare entities can involve the renal arteries. Erdheim-Chester disease is a non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis with a heterogenous clinical presentation and prognosis. We report a case of a 63-year-old woman with a history of Langerhans cell histiocytosis presenting with difficult-to-treat hypertension. A literature review is presented, and owing to the pathophysiology and anatomical characteristics of the vascular attainment, we propose that angioplasty with stenting, as preconized for atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis, should be the preferred treatment approach.