The best plan of evacuation in Louvre

Abstract

According to reports, since 2012, there have been 12 terrorist attacks in France. At the same time, the number of visitors of Louvre reached a peak of 8.1 million in 2017. Therefore, making an efficient evacuation plan in Louvre is particularly important. In our paper, we assume that the process of evacuation contains two main parts: the path from the starting point to the exit, and the location where the congestion may occur, such as stairs and exits. For the first part, we use the ant colony optimization algorithm to find the optimal path and get how many flows arrive at each exit. For the second part, as we already know the number of flows, we can use queuing theory to determine whether it is congested or not and calculate the corresponding congestion time. Finally, the optimal evacuation path and the corresponding time are obtained. In addition, associated with the application "Affluences" used in Louvre, some devices are designed to measure the average speed of the crowd movement. If the average speed is below a threshold value, an emergency exit will be opened to improve the evacuation process.