Knowledge and practice of complementary feeding among mothers in Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania: Community-based cross-sectional study

Abstract

Introduction: This study examines mothers' complementary feeding (CF) knowledge and practices for children aged 6–24 months, highlighting links to adverse health outcomes and childhood malnutrition from both delayed and early CF initiation (before six months). Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study collected data from 422 mothers through multistage sampling. A pre-tested structured questionnaire was used and analyzed with SPSS software version 20.0, employing descriptive and inferential statistics. Chi-square tests assessed associations at a 95 % confidence interval, with a P < 0.05 signifying statistical significance. Results: Approximately 66.8 % of mothers initiated breastfeeding within an hour after childbirth, with 71.1 % knowledgeable about 'breastfeeding and hand washing' prior to breastfeeding. Around 64.5 % introduced liquids, and 58.8 % gave semi-solid food to their children before six months. About 41.9 % initiated CF at the recommended age. Associations were observed between maternal education and knowledge of dietary diversification. The study also found a connection between CF-related information and timely CF initiation. Conclusions: Insufficient knowledge of infant and child feeding practices necessitates nutritional education for mothers through effective communication packages to promote proper feeding practices.

Keywords

• Complementary feeding
• Infant and child feeding
• Knowledge and practice
• Dar-es-Salaam and Tanzania