Utility of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction Measurements Before the Administration of Doxorubicin-Based Chemotherapy in Patients With Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

Abstract

Objective: To determine the utility of routine measurements of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) before the administration of doxorubicin-based chemotherapy (DOX) in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Patients and Methods: We investigated the frequency of LVEF measurements before the initiation of therapy in 291 patients with DLBCL at our institution from January 1, 2001, through December 31, 2013, and reviewed whether LVEF varied in patients with an underlying risk of cardiac disease (CD), the relationship between LVEF and subsequent DLBCL treatment, and congestive heart failure (CHF) occurrence in DOX-treated patients. Results: Left ventricular ejection fraction was measured in 258 patients before the administration of chemotherapy and was not associated with underlying CHF risk (P=.94). Left ventricular ejection fraction was normal in 243 patients (94%) and low in 15 patients. Doxorubicin-based chemotherapy was administered to 206 patients with normal LVEF (85%) vs 8 patients with low LVEF (53%) (P=.006). However, when previous CD was factored out, LVEF did not influence subsequent treatment decisions (P=.51). Congestive heart failure occurred in 18 patients, and the risk was similar in patients treated with and without DOX. For all patients who had LVEF measured, CHF incidence did not differ between patients who received DOX and those who did not (P>.99). Moreover, there was no difference in CHF incidence after receiving DOX between those who had normal and low LVEF results (P=.45). Conclusion: The decision to administer DOX was influenced by LVEF status only when previous CD was factored out. Furthermore, CHF incidence posttreatment did not differ between patients who did and did not receive DOX. These preliminary findings challenge the practice of performing cardiac screening before DOX for patients with DLBCL.