Zhongguo quanke yixue (Jan 2022)
Dyslipidemia Prevalence in Chinese Older Adults：a Meta-analysis
Abstract
BackgroundChina has stepped into an aging society, and its aging population is rapidly increasing. Recent years have seen a notable increased dyslipidemia prevalence in older adults, which has gained growing attentions as a major risk for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in this population. There is little consistency between studies on dyslipidemia prevalence in Chinese older adults due to differences of size and features of sample, design and setting.ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the prevalence of dyslipidemia among Chinese older adults.MethodsCross-sectional studies relevant to the prevalence of dyslipidemia among Chinese elderly population were searched in databases including CNKI, CBM, CQVIP, WanFang, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and the Cochrane Library from inception to May 2021. Two researchers performed literature screening and data extraction, separately. The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality methodology checklist was used to assess the risk of bias. Stata 15.1 was adopted for meta-analysis.ResultsA total of 19 cross-sectional studies were included, involving 101 931 cases, and 45 785 of them had dyslipidemia. Meta-analysis results showed that the overall prevalence of dyslipidemia among the participants was 48.0%〔95%CI (41.0%, 54.0%) 〕. Specifically, the prevalence of elevated total cholesterol (TC) , triglyceride (TG) , and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) as well as lowered low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was 19.7%〔95%CI (13.8%, 25.5%) 〕, 20.8%〔95%CI (16.2%, 25.4%) 〕, 15.3%〔95%CI (10.7%, 19.8%) 〕, and 20.2%〔95%CI (7.9%, 32.4%) 〕, respectively. Sex-specific analysis found that men had higher prevalence of elevated LDL-C than women (17.2% vs 9.0%) . Women had higher overall prevalence of dyslipidemia than men (48.8% vs 39.5%) . Moreover, women also had higher prevalence of elevated TC (24.0% vs 12.9%) , and TG (23.4% vs 19.0%) , as well as lowered HDL-C (20.4% vs 14.7%) . Age-specific analysis revealed that dyslipidemia prevalence in age groups of 60-69, 70-79, and ≥80 years old was 39.9%, 31.8%, and 31.4%, respectively, showing a trend of decrease with age. The prevalence of elevated TC in 60-69 year-olds (12.9%) was higher than that of 70-79 year-olds (12.1%) or 80 year-olds and above (9.5%) . The prevalence of elevated LDL-C in 60-69 year-olds (10.0%) was higher than that of 70-79 year-olds (9.4%) or 80 year-olds and above (6.5%) . The prevalence of elevated TG in 70-79 year-olds (19.3%) was higher than that of 60-69 year-olds (16.4%) or 80 year-olds and above (15.5%) . The prevalence of lowered HDL-C in 70-79 year-olds (10.5%) was higher than that of 60-69 year-olds (9.7%) or 80 year-olds and above (9.5%) . Those aged ≥80 years had lower prevalence of various forms of dyslipidemia than 60-69 year-olds and 70-79 year-olds. Region-specific analysis indicated that compared to those from western China, participants from eastern China had higher overall prevalence of dyslipidemia (49.3% vs 36.8%) . Moreover, they also showed higher prevalence of elevated TC (23.0% vs 11.4%) , elevated LDL-C (21.3% vs 7.8%) and lowered HDL-C (13.5% vs 7.8%) . However, they had slightly lower prevalence of elevated TG (19.7% vs 20.0%) .ConclusionThe overall prevalence of dyslipidemia was high in Chinese older adults. Sex-, age group- and region-specific differences were found in the overall prevalence of dyslipidemia, and prevalence of various forms of dyslipidemia. Due to limited number and non-ideal quality of the included studies, the above conclusions need to be verified by more high-quality studies.
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