Porphyrin Molecules Decorated on Metal-Organic Frameworks for Multi-Functional Biomedical Applications
Navid Rabiee,
Mohammad Rabiee,
Soheil Sojdeh,
Yousef Fatahi,
Rassoul Dinarvand,
Moein Safarkhani,
Sepideh Ahmadi,
Hossein Daneshgar,
Fatemeh Radmanesh,
Saeid Maghsoudi,
Mojtaba Bagherzadeh,
Rajender S. Varma,
Ebrahim Mostafavi
Affiliations
Navid Rabiee
Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11155-9161, Iran
Mohammad Rabiee
Biomaterial Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 15875-4413, Iran
Soheil Sojdeh
School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran 14155-6455, Iran
Yousef Fatahi
Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14155-6451, Iran
Rassoul Dinarvand
Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14155-6451, Iran
Moein Safarkhani
Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11155-3516, Iran
Sepideh Ahmadi
Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 19857-17443, Iran
Hossein Daneshgar
Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11155-3516, Iran
Fatemeh Radmanesh
Uro-Oncology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14197-33141, Iran
Saeid Maghsoudi
Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R2H 0G1, Canada
Mojtaba Bagherzadeh
Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11155-3516, Iran
Rajender S. Varma
Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
Ebrahim Mostafavi
Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been widely used as porous nanomaterials for different applications ranging from industrial to biomedicals. An unpredictable one-pot method is introduced to synthesize NH2-MIL-53 assisted by high-gravity in a greener media for the first time. Then, porphyrins were deployed to adorn the surface of MOF to increase the sensitivity of the prepared nanocomposite to the genetic materials and in-situ cellular protein structures. The hydrogen bond formation between genetic domains and the porphyrin’ nitrogen as well as the surface hydroxyl groups is equally probable and could be considered a milestone in chemical physics and physical chemistry for biomedical applications. In this context, the role of incorporating different forms of porphyrins, their relationship with the final surface morphology, and their drug/gene loading efficiency were investigated to provide a predictable pattern in regard to the previous works. The conceptual phenomenon was optimized to increase the interactions between the biomolecules and the substrate by reaching the limit of detection to 10 pM for the Anti-cas9 protein, 20 pM for the single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), below 10 pM for the single guide RNA (sgRNA) and also around 10 nM for recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen. Also, the MTT assay showed acceptable relative cell viability of more than 85% in most cases, even by increasing the dose of the prepared nanostructures.
