Cow’s Milk Protein Allergy in Pediatric Dentistry: A Narrative Review

Abstract

Context: Immunological reactions against proteins found in cow’s milk (casein and whey proteins) are called Cow’s Milk Protein Allergy (CMPA). CMPA has systemic as well as oral symptoms. Also, any casein-containing products used for preventive and therapeutic purposes in dentistry may trigger this allergy. The objective of this compilation is to reveal the importance of CMPA in dentistry by adhering to the literature. Evidence Acquisition: A literature search was done using PubMed, with focus on articles published in the last 10 years. Searched terms included the following: cow’s milk protein allergy, child, pathogenesis, prevention, management, and dentistry. Results: Oral allergy syndrome and dental erosion caused by gastroesophageal reflux were observed in 40% of patients with CMPA that were detected by the dentists. Conclusions: Pediatric dentists should be aware of CMPA and pediatricians should be given support in definitive diagnosis of CMPA.

Keywords

• Child
• Dentistry
• Cow’s milk
• Milk protein
• Allergy