Secondary metabolites in host pears defense against two fruit borers and cytochrome-P450-mediated counter-defense
Shi-Pan Zhang,
Bing Bai,
Gao-Man Chen,
Ya-Qi Wang,
Chao Hu,
Xu-Fei Liu,
Ping Gao,
Yu-Ting Li,
Nan-Xia Fu,
Xue-Qing Yang
Affiliations
Shi-Pan Zhang
College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Major Agricultural Invasion Biological Monitoring and Control, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
Bing Bai
College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Major Agricultural Invasion Biological Monitoring and Control, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
Gao-Man Chen
College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Major Agricultural Invasion Biological Monitoring and Control, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
Ya-Qi Wang
College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Major Agricultural Invasion Biological Monitoring and Control, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
Chao Hu
College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Major Agricultural Invasion Biological Monitoring and Control, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
Xu-Fei Liu
College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Major Agricultural Invasion Biological Monitoring and Control, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
Ping Gao
College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Major Agricultural Invasion Biological Monitoring and Control, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
Yu-Ting Li
College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Major Agricultural Invasion Biological Monitoring and Control, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
Nan-Xia Fu
Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China
Xue-Qing Yang
College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Major Agricultural Invasion Biological Monitoring and Control, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China; Corresponding author
Summary: Herbivorous insects have evolved metabolic strategies to survive the challenges posed by plant secondary metabolites (SMs). This study reports an exploration of SMs present in pears, which serve as a defense against invasive Cydia pomonella and native Grapholita molesta and their counter-defense response. The feeding preferences of fruit borers are influenced by the softening of two pear varieties as they ripen. The content of SMs, such as quercetin and rutin, increases due to feeding by fruit borers. Notably, quercetin levels only increase after C. pomonella feeding. The consumption of SMs affects the growth of fruit borer population differently, potentially due to the activation of P450 genes by SMs. These two fruit borers are equipped with specific P450 enzymes that specialize in metabolizing quercetin and rutin, enabling them to adapt to these SMs in their host fruits. These findings provide valuable insights into the coevolution of plants and herbivorous insects.
