Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (Jun 2007)
Alterações radiográficas e ultra-sonográficas iniciais em osteoartrite experimental eqüina Early radiographic and ultrasonographic changes in equine experimental osteoarthritis
Abstract
Avaliaram-se oito articulações metacarpofalangeanas (MCF) de eqüinos adultos pelos exames radiográfico e ultra-sonográfico após indução cirúrgica de uma instabilidade articular, para mimetizar as alterações iniciais da osteoartrite (OA) naturalmente adquirida. Foram mensurados a circunferência articular, a amplitude do movimento articular e o grau de claudicação dos membros torácicos (avaliação clínica). Dez dias após a intervenção cirúrgica os animais foram exercitados em um andador por um período de 60 dias. Os exames radiográfico e ultra-sonográfico foram realizados antes da intervenção cirúrgica e após 25, 40 e 70 dias, e a avaliação clínica, semanalmente, durante todo o período experimental. Observaram-se alterações ultra-sonográficas aos 25 dias após a instabilidade articular, enquanto as alterações radiográficas somente foram visualizadas aos 40 dias. Houve aumento significativo (PEight metacarpophalangeal joints (MCP) of mature horses were evaluated by radiographic and ultrasonographic exams after surgically instability-induced that mimics the early changes of naturally acquired osteoarthritis (OA). Joint circunference, range of motion and lameness score were measured (clinical evaluation). Ten days after surgically joint instability the animals were walked on a horse walker by a 60-day period. Radiography and ultrasonography were taken immediately before desmotomy and 25, 40 and 70 days after surgery. Clinical evaluation was performed at each 7-day intervals. Ultrasonographic changes were observed on day 25 after articular instability while radiographic changes were only visualized on day 40. Joint circunference was significantly higher (P<0.05) in OA joints (25.75cm± 1.1) on day 7 as compared with contralateral joints (24.88cm± 1.0) and a range of motion was significantly less (P<0.05) in OA joints (96.38º± 10.7), on day 25, compared with basal value (109.24º± 10.3) and contralateral joint (108.75º± 8.3). Lameness score significantly increased (P<0.05) over time with mean score 1.5 for the 70-day study period. In conclusion, changes of induced OA joint were earlier and better detected by ultrasonography than by radiography. The measure of joint circunference and range of motion are useful in joint disease evaluation.
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