Evaluation of Efflux-Mediated Resistance and Biofilm formation in Virulent <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Associated with Healthcare Infections
Paul A. Akinduti,
Onome W. George,
Hannah U. Ohore,
Olusegun E. Ariyo,
Samuel T. Popoola,
Adenike I. Adeleye,
Kazeem S. Akinwande,
Jacob O. Popoola,
Solomon O. Rotimi,
Fredrick O. Olufemi,
Conrad A. Omonhinmin,
Grace I. Olasehinde
Affiliations
Paul A. Akinduti
Microbiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Ota 112104, Ogun State, Nigeria
Onome W. George
Microbiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Ota 112104, Ogun State, Nigeria
Hannah U. Ohore
Microbiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Ota 112104, Ogun State, Nigeria
Olusegun E. Ariyo
Obasanjo Holdings Limited, Abeokuta 110124, Ogun State, Nigeria
Samuel T. Popoola
Microbiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Ota 112104, Ogun State, Nigeria
Adenike I. Adeleye
Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta 110124, Ogun State, Nigeria
Kazeem S. Akinwande
Department of Chemical Pathology and Immunology, Federal Medical Centre, Abeokuta 110124, Ogun State, Nigeria
Jacob O. Popoola
Applied Biology and Biotechnology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Ota 112104, Ogun State, Nigeria
Solomon O. Rotimi
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Ota 112104, Ogun State, Nigeria
Fredrick O. Olufemi
Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta 110124, Ogun State, Nigeria
Conrad A. Omonhinmin
Applied Biology and Biotechnology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Ota 112104, Ogun State, Nigeria
Grace I. Olasehinde
Microbiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Ota 112104, Ogun State, Nigeria
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a significant pathogen identified with healthcare-associated infections. The present study evaluates the role of biofilm and efflux pump activities in influencing high-level resistance in virulent P. aeruginosa strains in clinical infection. Phenotypic resistance in biotyped Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 147) from diagnosed disease conditions was classified based on multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) indices and analysed with logistic regression for risk factors. Efflux pump activity, biofilm formation, and virulence factors were analysed for optimal association in Pseudomonas infection using receiver operation characteristics (ROC). Age-specificity (OR [CI] = 0.986 [0.946–1.027]), gender (OR [CI] = 1.44 [0.211–9.827]) and infection sources (OR [CI] = 0.860 [0.438–1.688]) were risk variables for multidrug resistance (MDR)-P. aeruginosa infection (p p = 0.001) respectively and more than 30% multidrug resistance (MDR) strains demonstrated high-level efflux pump activity (95% CI = 0.762–1.016; p = 0.001), protease (95% CI = 0.112–0.480; p = 0.003), lipase (95% CI = 0.143–0.523; p = 0.001), and hemolysin (95% CI = 1.109–1.780; p = 0.001). Resistance relatedness of more than 80% and 60% to cell wall biosynthesis inhibitors (ceftazidime, ceffproxil, augumentin, ampicillin) and, DNA translational and transcriptional inhibitors (gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, nitrofurantoin) were observed (p p = 0.034) with MDR strains, with high predictive performances in efflux pump activity (ROC-AUC 0.78), biofilm formation (ROC-AUC 0.520), and virulence hierarchical-clustering. Combine activities of the expressed efflux pump and biofilm formation in MDR-P. aeruginosa pose risk to clinical management and infection control.
