RUSSO-TURKISH WAR OF 1806-1812

Abstract

Moldova and the Wallachia, being involved in fi ghting the great European powers, became the early nineteenth century, theater of war and geopolitical pawns disputes, real diplomatic duel that ended with the annexation of the Russian Empire a half the territory of Moldova (the lands between the Prut and Nistru). Russo-Turkish war of 1806-1812 was not initiated by the Ottoman Empire. In these fi ve years and a half of war (when there were many negotiations, the temporary truce concluded) in the tsarist army seven successive commanders of the Army Chief Danube (“Moldavskaia Armia”), of which two were commanders interim (the eighth – P.V. Tchitcheagov - took the post of commander in chief of M.I. Kutuzov, already after signing the peace treaty). The fate of the two principalities during the Russo-Turkish War of 1806-1812, he was always one of the important factors in international relations and military alliances aimed at Russia, Austria, France and other countries. War, started in autumn 1806, was disastrous for the main, can be divided into four periods: Period I - the reign of ConstantineYpsilanti in Russia: from switching bank, 11 (23) November 1806, the Russian army’s Ivan Michelson until the Armistice in Slobozia (August 12, 1807). Period II - WarArmistice (Truce) of Slobozia (August 1807 - spring 1809). The nomination period, based on the stipulations of the Treaty of Tilsit (1807), by French diplomacy mediation ended in 12 (24) August 1807 armistice Slobozia, according to the belligerent parties whose armies were to be discharged from the Principalities. Period III - the decisive battles: from resume military hostilities (including the Caucasus) in the spring of 1809 and until Kutuzov (with four divisions at his disposal a staff of about 46 000 people) managed to change the report the forces in favor of Russia - overcomingtheforces numerically inferior to Rusciuk victory (June 22 / 4iulie 1811), after circling the Turks in their camp in Slobozia. Period IV - the second ceasefi re and diplomaticduels: from peace negotiations in Giurgiu (19 (31) October – 21 November (3.12 - new style) 1811) and to the signing of the Bucharest, 16 (28) in May 1812. This war was the longest military confl ict between the two great empires, fought in two theaters of military operations - the Danube and the Caucasus (secondary), but its main feature were not so much a military confrontation, as, in particular , diplomatic disputes, including secret diplomacy. It was a war of three Ottoman sultans (Selim III, 1789-1807, Mustafa IV, 1807-1808, Mahmud II, 1808-1839) and the ambitious Alexander I (1801-1825), behind which stood unrivaled Napoleon Bonaparte. Thus, the delicate issues in dispute Oriental in 1812, there is the genesis of a new international issues, most of Bessarabia, which later, during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries several times will be posted in focus world opinion, awaiting settlement history.