Efficacy of histological and cytological examination under different methods of sampling biopsies at endoscopy in patients with respiratory pathology

Abstract

Aim. The article presents the value of different methods of sampling biopsy during endoscopy with cytological and morphological examination of biopsy material in the diagnostic algorithm of various pathological processes of the respiratory system. Methods and results. The retrospective cohort study of 194 biopsy cases that were obtained during endoscopic studies with morphological study of biopsy material for 2011–2012 periods was presented in the article. The method of biopsy obtaining at endoscopy was determined by the nature and spread of the pathological process in the bronchi and/or lung tissue, which is specified directly in the course of bronchoscopy. In 31.44% of cases it was established that the most often diagnosis was «malignant lung neoplasm» in result of the endoscopy. The parameters of sensitivity, diagnostic value and effectiveness of cytological and histological examinations were calculated. Cytological studies were characterized by high levels of sensitivity and diagnostic value in cases of diagnosis of malignant and benign tumors, non-specific inflammation of the bronchus and lung in cases of direct biopsy at fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FBS) (100.0%). For verification of the diagnosis of benign tumors, tuberculosis, sarcoidosis and «rare» diseases of the respiratory system the histological examination of the material from transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) was most important, the value of these indicators was 100.0%. Conclusion. Effectiveness of the complex morphological study of biopsy material at direct biopsy at FBS was 80.5%, while TBLB – 73.6%. Overall effectiveness of complex cytological-histological examination of biopsies in endoscopic studies was 77.05%.

Keywords

• Endoscopy
• Biopsy
• Cytological Techniques And Histological Techniques