“PARADOX” OF THE VOID NUCLEATION

Abstract

On the basis of advanced before a method of phase diagrams martensitic transformations into systems such as « iron - carbon - vacancies », are determined energy of activation of formation of vacancies and voids. It is shown, that elastic volumetric deformation 11-th elementary tetragonal cells of iron (circuit Бейна) on 4,2 %, leads to formation of one structural vacancy. The data testify to significant power advantage of formation of vacancies (0.04 eV) and voids the critical size (3eV) on the mechanism of the opposites martensitic transformations, in comparison with ordinary diffusion mechanism (more 1eV- vacancy, and some tens eV-the void).