Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides ameliorates D-galactose-induced aging salivary secretion disorders by upregulating the rhythm and aquaporins

Mengna Wu; Boyue Huang; Ling Hu; Tao Zhang; Binyu Zhang; Xi Zhao; Ruijin Lu; Wei Xiong; Shengyao Zhang; Jing Li; Dilong Chen; Baoxue Yang; Guoli Li; Jianhua Ran

Experimental Gerontology (May 2023)

Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides ameliorates D-galactose-induced aging salivary secretion disorders by upregulating the rhythm and aquaporins

Mengna Wu,
Boyue Huang,
Ling Hu,
Tao Zhang,
Binyu Zhang,
Xi Zhao,
Ruijin Lu,
Wei Xiong,
Shengyao Zhang,
Jing Li,
Dilong Chen,
Baoxue Yang,
Guoli Li,
Jianhua Ran

Affiliations

Mengna Wu: Department of Anatomy, Laboratory of Neuroscience and Tissue Engineering, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
Boyue Huang: Department of Anatomy, Laboratory of Neuroscience and Tissue Engineering, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
Ling Hu: Department of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
Tao Zhang: Department of Anatomy, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing 404120, China
Binyu Zhang: Department of Anatomy, Laboratory of Neuroscience and Tissue Engineering, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
Xi Zhao: Department of Anatomy, Laboratory of Neuroscience and Tissue Engineering, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
Ruijin Lu: Department of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
Wei Xiong: Department of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Anatomy, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing 404120, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Development and Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing 404100, China
Shengyao Zhang: Department of Anatomy, Laboratory of Neuroscience and Tissue Engineering, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
Jing Li: Department of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
Dilong Chen: Department of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Anatomy, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing 404120, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Development and Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing 404100, China
Baoxue Yang: Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
Guoli Li: Department of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Anatomy, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing 404120, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Development and Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing 404100, China; Correspondence to: G. Li, Department of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
Jianhua Ran: Department of Anatomy, Laboratory of Neuroscience and Tissue Engineering, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Development and Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing 404100, China; Correspondence to: J. Ran, Department of Anatomy, Laboratory of Neuroscience and Tissue Engineering, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.

Journal volume & issue: Vol. 175
p. 112147

Abstract

Read online

Longer-term deterioration in saliva secretion has been observed to occur in response to aging. The functional deterioration of the salivary gland damages swallowing and chewing abilities and consequently reduces life quality of the elderly. There are, however, only a few proven effective treatments for aging salivary secretion disorders. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLP) has been applied to treat various diseases because of its safety, efficacy, and low cost. We investigated the protective effect of GLP on the submandibular gland (SMG) during aging. D-galactose (D-gal) was used to treat the aging mice, and the body weight, water consumption, saliva secretion, and flow rate were measured after 6 weeks of modeling. Micromorphological changes of the SMG were assessed by hematoxylin-eosin staining and transmission electron microscopy. RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of apoptotic proteins and inflammatory cytokines. Aquaporins (AQPs) and rhythmic protein expression were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. The results showed that GLP effectively promoted the expression of AQP5, AQP4, and AQP1, inhibited the release of TNF-α, IL-6, and Bax, and reduced inflammation and apoptosis. Further experiments showed that GLP promoted the up-regulation of core clock genes and proteins and restored the co-localized expression of CLOCK and AQP5 that were weakened during aging, helping to attenuate aging-induced weight loss, decreased salivation, and structural and functional damage. The findings of this work contribute to understanding the nature of age-related modifications in SMG by identifying changes in AQP5 expression and regulatory mechanisms linked to SMG dysfunction during aging. GLP is a potential drug for maintaining healthy salivary gland (SG) status and preventing SG deficiency in the elderly.

Published in Experimental Gerontology

ISSN: 1873-6815 (Online)
Publisher: Elsevier
Country of publisher: United States
LCC subjects: Medicine; Science: Biology (General)
Website: https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/experimental-gerontology

About the journal

Abstract

Keywords