Features of the Japanese genre of hokku in the works by K. Utkin

Abstract

The paper presents the study of the poetics of the Japanese genre of hokku in the works by the famous Yakut poet, philosopher and culture expert Ksenophont Dmitrievich Utkin. The features of compliance with the canons of Japanese poetry have been identified: adherence to the basic rules and traditions (stylistic, stanza and compositional criteria), aesthetic principles and categories, semantic structure. The national specifics of mastering the genre, which is manifested in the disclosure of the image, sound pattern, and the desire to express the national perception of the world. The study yielded the conclusion that mastering of hokku in Yakut poetry is primarily based on traditional features. The studied examples are close to the typology of the original in terms of formal and compositional principles: the two-part structure of the work, the stanza and syllabic canon. The poet adheres to the thematic features associated with the description of nature, the world and the state of mind of the lyric hero. A typological similarity between the studied hokku and Japanese poetics is observed in adherence to aesthetic principles (yugen, shiori, engo), the use of seasonal words, vagueness, allegory and symbolism. The need for knowledge of the traditional culture brings the works closer to Japanese poetry. Yakut works are characterized by a special rhyme, the role of alliteration and national interpretation of images, and the material and spiritual components of the Yakut worldview.