Coalescence plus fragmentation approach for the hadronization mechanism of heavy hadrons from AA to pp collisions

Abstract

One of the present challenge for the theoretical understanding of heavy-quark hadronization is represented by the description of the measurements of heavy hadron production in pp, pA and AA collisions from RHIC to top LHC energies. The Λc/D0 ratio observed in AA collisions has a value of the order of the unity, and experimental measurements in pp collisions at both √S = 5.02 TeVs=5.02 TeV and √S = 13 TeVs=13 TeV have shown ratios for charm baryons Λc,Ξc0Λc, Ξc0 and Ωc0Ωc0 respect to D0 meson larger than that measured and expected in e+e−, ep collisions. We present an hadronization mechanism based on the coalescence and fragmentation processes, and the results obtained in AA collisions for D0 and Λc. related baryon to meson ratios at RHIC and LHC. We present moreover results obtained for the charmed hadron production in pp collisions at LHC energies assuming the formation of an hot QCD matter at finite temperature.We calculate the heavy baryon/meson ratio and the pT spectra of charmed hadrons D0. Λc0Λc+ and the recently measured Ξc baryon, finding an enhancement in comparison with the ratio observed for e+e−, ep collisions; with this approach we also predict a significant production of Qc.