Zhongguo linchuang yanjiu (Nov 2023)
Multimodal ultrasonography parameter difference between benign and malignant thyroid nodule
Abstract
Objective To investigate the difference of multimodal ultrasound parameters between thyroid carcinoma and benign thyroid nodules in imaging and the independent risk factors of malignant nodules. Methods Sixty patients with thyroid carcinoma who underwent surgical treatment and confirmed by postoperative pathology in Baoding No.2 Central Hospital from January 2020 to December 2022 were retrospectively selected as the malignant group, and sixty patients with benign thyroid nodules during the same period were selected as the nodule group. Conventional ultrasound signs, contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) signs, and shear wave elastography (SWE) signs were compared between the two groups, and a multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors for thyroid malignant nodules. Results There were significant differences in nodule morphology, echo, composition, aspect ratio, boundary, calcification, cervical lymph node characteristics and blood flow of conventional ultrasound signs between the two groups (P＜0.05). There were significant differences in enhancement pattern, enhancement boundary, enhancement level, enhancement uniformity, enhancement mode and exit mode of CEUS between two groups (P＜0.05). The maximum and average values of SWE Young's modulus in the longitudinal and transverse sections of the malignant group were higher than those of the nodule group (P＜0.05). There was statistical difference in SWE image classification between the two groups (P＜0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that conventiona ultrasound signs micro-calcification (OR=6.435, 95% CI: 4.115-10.063), CEUS centripetal enhancement (OR=5.257, 95%CI:2.857-9.674), and higher SWE Young's modulus longitudinal maximum value (OR=5.120, 95% CI： 3.026-8.663) were independent risk factors for malignant nodules (P＜0.05). Conclusion Conventional ultrasound signs micro-calcification, CEVS enhanced centrality and high maximum profile of SWE Young's modulus are independent ultrasonic risk factors of thyroid nodules. The combined application of ultrasonic multimode is expected to further improve the accuracy of qualitative diagnosis of thyroid nodules.
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