Mortality and re-fracture rates in low trauma hip fracture

Abstract

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to estimate the incidence rate of re-fracture and all-cause mortality rate in patients with hip fractures caused by minor trauma in the first year following the event. Materials and methods This is a retrospective cohort study of patients over 50 years of age conducted in a referral hospital located in Tehran (Shafa-Yahyaian). Using the hospital information system (HIS), all patients hospitalized due to hip fractures caused by minor trauma during 2013–2019 were included in the study. We investigated the occurrence of death and re-fracture in all patients one year after the primary hip fracture. Results A total of 945 patients with hip fractures during a 307,595 person-days of follow-up, were included. The mean age of the participants was 71 years (SD = 11.19), and 533 (59%) of them were women. One hundred forty-nine deaths were identified during the first year after hip fracture, resulting in a one-year mortality rate of 17.69% (95% CI: 15.06–20.77). The one-year mortality rate was 20.06% in men and 15.88% in women. Out of all the participants, 667 answered the phone call, of which 29 cases had experienced a re-fracture in the first year (incidence rate = 5.03%, 95% CI: 3.50–7.24). The incidence rates in women and men were 6.07% and 3.65%, respectively. Conclusion Patients with low-trauma hip fractures have shown a high rate of mortality in the first year. Considering the increase in the incidence of hip fractures with age, comprehensive strategies are needed to prevent fractures caused by minor trauma in the elderly population.

Keywords

• Osteoporosis
• Hip fracture
• One-year survival
• Incidence
• Death
• Re-fracture