By Modulating the Hormonal Balance and Ribonuclease Activity of Tomato Plants <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> Induces Defense Response against Potato Virus X and Potato Virus Y
Svetlana V. Veselova,
Antonina V. Sorokan,
Guzel F. Burkhanova,
Sergey D. Rumyantsev,
Ekaterina A. Cherepanova,
Valentin Y. Alekseev,
Elena R. Sarvarova,
Albina R. Kasimova,
Igor V. Maksimov
Affiliations
Svetlana V. Veselova
Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Oktyabrya, 71, 450054 Ufa, Russia
Antonina V. Sorokan
Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Oktyabrya, 71, 450054 Ufa, Russia
Guzel F. Burkhanova
Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Oktyabrya, 71, 450054 Ufa, Russia
Sergey D. Rumyantsev
Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Oktyabrya, 71, 450054 Ufa, Russia
Ekaterina A. Cherepanova
Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Oktyabrya, 71, 450054 Ufa, Russia
Valentin Y. Alekseev
Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Oktyabrya, 71, 450054 Ufa, Russia
Elena R. Sarvarova
Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Oktyabrya, 71, 450054 Ufa, Russia
Albina R. Kasimova
Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Oktyabrya, 71, 450054 Ufa, Russia
Igor V. Maksimov
Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Oktyabrya, 71, 450054 Ufa, Russia
Endophytic plant-growth-promoting microorganisms can protect plants against pathogens, but they have rarely been investigated as potential biocontrol agents and triggers of induced systemic resistance (ISR), regulated by phytohormones, against viruses. We studied the role of endophytic strains Bacillus subtilis 26D and B. subtilis Ttl2, which secrete ribonucleases and phytohormones, in the induction of tomato plant resistance against potato virus X and potato virus Y in a greenhouse condition. The endophytes reduced the accumulation of viruses in plants, increased the activity of plant ribonucleases and recovered the fruit yield of infected tomato plants. Both the 26D and Ttl2 strains induced ISR by activating the transcription of genes related to salicylate- and jasmonate-dependent responses. The 26D and Ttl2 strains increased the content of cytokinins and decreased the level of indolacetic acid in plants infected with PVX or PVY. PVY led to an increase of the abscisic acid (ABA) content in tomato plants, and PVX had the opposite effect. Both strains reduced the ABA content in plants infected with PVY and induced ABA accumulation in plants infected with PVX, which led to an increase in the resistance of plants. This is the first report of the protection of tomato plants against viral diseases by foliar application of endophytes.
