The victimology of online fraud: A focus on romance fraud victimisation

Abstract

Across the world each year millions of people are victimised by online crime, many of whom fall victim to online fraud. One of the most enduring and prolific types of online fraud is romance fraud. Romance fraud often leads to financial and psychological devastation of those who are victimised. The study explores the experiences of 13 romance fraud victims through their own narratives. Through victim voices, we discuss psychological vulnerabilities and victim journeys, from initial contact with offenders to cessation. We seek to better understand the psychological experience of this type of victimisation. The current research is strongly motivated by the need to translate research on romance fraud victimology into practical and actionable strategies. We draw important conclusions about how to better educate potential victims on avoiding victimisation. The research provides a basis on which to develop better guidance for law enforcement and other key stakeholders who might play a role in romance fraud prevention. We discuss how to disrupt romance fraud offending using a victim-centric approach and recommend improved supports for victims.

Keywords

• Romance fraud
• Victims
• Victimology
• Crime prevention
• Crime disruption