New generation Cherenkov telescope array: HADAR and its performance introduction

Qingyuan Hou; Qingqian Zhou; Tianlu Chen; Youliang Feng; Hengjiao Liu; Yiqing Guo; Cheng Liu; Zihao Zhang; Xinlong Li; Qi Gao; Maoyuan Liu; Xiangli Qian; Yuanqi Liu; Jiadan Xie; Shanjie Shu; Weiqi Han; Qijiao Fang; Yanan Wang; Shaohua Zhang

doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116935

Nuclear Physics B (Aug 2025)

New generation Cherenkov telescope array: HADAR and its performance introduction

Qingyuan Hou,
Qingqian Zhou,
Tianlu Chen,
Youliang Feng,
Hengjiao Liu,
Yiqing Guo,
Cheng Liu,
Zihao Zhang,
Xinlong Li,
Qi Gao,
Maoyuan Liu,
Xiangli Qian,
Yuanqi Liu,
Jiadan Xie,
Shanjie Shu,
Weiqi Han,
Qijiao Fang,
Yanan Wang,
Shaohua Zhang

Affiliations

Qingyuan Hou: The Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays (Tibet University), Ministry of Education, Lhasa 850000, Tibet, China
Qingqian Zhou: The Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays (Tibet University), Ministry of Education, Lhasa 850000, Tibet, China; Corresponding authors.
Tianlu Chen: The Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays (Tibet University), Ministry of Education, Lhasa 850000, Tibet, China; Corresponding authors.
Youliang Feng: The Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays (Tibet University), Ministry of Education, Lhasa 850000, Tibet, China; Corresponding authors.
Hengjiao Liu: The Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays (Tibet University), Ministry of Education, Lhasa 850000, Tibet, China
Yiqing Guo: Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Cheng Liu: Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Zihao Zhang: The Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays (Tibet University), Ministry of Education, Lhasa 850000, Tibet, China
Xinlong Li: The Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays (Tibet University), Ministry of Education, Lhasa 850000, Tibet, China
Qi Gao: The Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays (Tibet University), Ministry of Education, Lhasa 850000, Tibet, China
Maoyuan Liu: The Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays (Tibet University), Ministry of Education, Lhasa 850000, Tibet, China
Xiangli Qian: School of Intelligent Engineering, Shandong Management University, Jinan 250357, China
Yuanqi Liu: The Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays (Tibet University), Ministry of Education, Lhasa 850000, Tibet, China
Jiadan Xie: The Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays (Tibet University), Ministry of Education, Lhasa 850000, Tibet, China
Shanjie Shu: The Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays (Tibet University), Ministry of Education, Lhasa 850000, Tibet, China
Weiqi Han: The Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays (Tibet University), Ministry of Education, Lhasa 850000, Tibet, China
Qijiao Fang: The Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays (Tibet University), Ministry of Education, Lhasa 850000, Tibet, China
Yanan Wang: The Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays (Tibet University), Ministry of Education, Lhasa 850000, Tibet, China
Shaohua Zhang: The Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays (Tibet University), Ministry of Education, Lhasa 850000, Tibet, China

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116935
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 1017
p. 116935

Abstract

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Astrophysical very high energy (VHE) gamma-rays are believed to result almost exclusively from the interactions of populations of highly relativistic particles with ambient matter or photon fields. The study of these VHE photons therefore allows us to examine the processes of particle acceleration in the Universe, and the extreme environments in which they occur.To explore the origins and properties of gamma-rays, the High Altitude Detection of Astronomical Radiation (HADAR) experiment has been proposed to study these events. The refractive atmospheric Cherenkov telescope, a key component of HADAR, features a wide field of view (FOV) and exceptional sensitivity. It is designed to indirectly detect gamma-rays by capturing Cherenkov radiation produced by extensive air showers initiated by primary gamma-rays. This study concentrates on the design and performance parameters of the refractive atmospheric Cherenkov telescope array.

Published in Nuclear Physics B

ISSN: 0550-3213 (Print); 1873-1562 (Online)
Publisher: Elsevier
Country of publisher: Netherlands
LCC subjects: Science: Physics: Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity
Website: https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/nuclear-physics-b

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