Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare (Jan 2024)
Pathways of Media Contact to Health Literacy in Middle-Aged and Older People: The Chain Mediation Effect of Perceived Social Support and Self-Efficacy
Abstract
Mao-Min Jiang,1,* Ye-Wei Xiao,2,* Zhi-Liu Liao3– 5 1School of Public Affairs, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People’s Republic of China; 3School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of China; 4Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of China; 5Research Center for Public Health Security, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Zhi-Liu Liao, Email [email protected]: To understand the status of media exposure, social support, self-efficacy, and health literacy among middle-aged and older adults in China, and explore the impact path of media exposure on the health literacy of this population, providing a reference for promoting their physical and mental health.Methods: From July to November 2022, a multi-stage random sampling method was employed to survey 16,938 Chinese middle-aged and older adults aged 46 and above. Structural equation modeling and statistical analysis were conducted using LISREL 8.8 and Mplus 8.3 software.Results: The average score for media exposure among Chinese middle-aged and older adults was (18.55± 5.36), perceived social support was (60.68± 12.51), self-efficacy was (28.76± 5.40), and health literacy was (35.49± 6.05). Statistical results revealed that media exposure has a positive impact on the health literacy of middle-aged and older adults, with a direct effect of 0.091 (p < 0.001). Mediation analysis showed that media exposure can affect the health literacy of this population through the independent mediating effects of perceived social support (β = 0.013, p < 0.001) and self-efficacy (β = 0.029, p < 0.001), as well as through a chain mediation effect involving perceived social support and self-efficacy (β = 0.015, p < 0.001).Conclusion: As a pathway for health information dissemination, media exposure plays a crucial role in the intervention of health literacy among middle-aged and older adults. Perceived social support and self-efficacy not only have independent mediating effects but also significant chain mediating effects in the relationship between media exposure and health literacy among this population. Therefore, improving the health literacy of middle-aged and older people can be popularized through media and improved in a multi-path, all-round, and precise way with the help of related technologies and social forces from which media literacy can be improved.Keywords: middle-aged and elderly people, media contact, social support, self-efficacy, health literacy
