Gender, race, and ethnicity: Latin American and Caribbean immigrants and the glass ceiling in the United States. An intersectional analysis

Abstract

In this article I analyze the insertion of Latin American Non-Hispanic Whites and African Americans and immigrant men and women in managerial occupations in the United States and establish the extent to which the intersectionality of gender, race, and ethnicity can explain the unequal participation of workers in these occupations. In the analysis I make use of data from the American Community Survey (ACS 2019), from which I conduct descriptive analyses and fit econometric models. The results confirm that the lower participation of African Americans and immigrants from Latin America and the Caribbean in managerial occupations is in many cases due to their lower human capital, but also to the effect generated by the intersection of the social constructs of gender, race and ethnicity.

Keywords

• glass ceiling
• gender
• race
• ethnicity
• intersectionality
• labor market