Influence of Parameters on the Death Pathway of Gastric Cells Induced by Gold Nanosphere Mediated Phototherapy
Jing Xin,
Lei Fu,
Jing Wang,
Sijia Wang,
Luwei Zhang,
Zhenxi Zhang,
Cuiping Yao
Affiliations
Jing Xin
Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedical Photonics and Sensing, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
Lei Fu
Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedical Photonics and Sensing, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
Jing Wang
Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedical Photonics and Sensing, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
Sijia Wang
Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedical Photonics and Sensing, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
Luwei Zhang
Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedical Photonics and Sensing, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
Zhenxi Zhang
Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedical Photonics and Sensing, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
Cuiping Yao
Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedical Photonics and Sensing, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
Gold nanosphere (AuS) is a nanosized particle with inert, biocompatible, easily modified surface functionalization and adequate cell penetration ability. Photothermal, photochemical, and vapor effects of AuS could be activated by irradiating with nanosecond laser to cause cell death. Hence, AuS-mediated phototherapy irradiated with nanosecond laser is a promising and minimally-invasive treatment method for cancer therapy. However, various effects require different parameters to be activated. At present, few studies have reported on the influence of parameters of AuS inducing cell death under nanosecond laser irradiation. This makes it very challenging to optimize gold-nanoparticle-mediated specific or synergistic anti-cancer therapy. In this study, we revealed the main parameters and threshold values for AuS-mediated gastric cancer phototherapy with nanosecond pulsed laser irradiation, evaluated the pathway of induced cell death, and discussed the roles of photothermal, photochemical and vapor effects which can induce the cell death. The results showed that AuS-mediated phototherapy activated with nanosecond pulsed laser is an effective method for gastric therapy, mainly based on the photochemical effect. Prolonging the incubation time could decrease the irradiation dose, increase ROS-mediated photothermal effect and vapor effect, and then quickly induce cell death to improve security.
