Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical (Jul 2011)
ALTERNATIVE APIARIES SHADING ALTERNATIVAS DE SOMBREAMENTO PARA APIÁRIOS
Abstract
<p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 120%; text-decoration: none;" lang="pt-BR"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Beehives shading can be a strategy to minimize the heat stress suffered by bees in tropical regions such as the Northeastern Brazil. So, the objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different beehives shading conditions on the development and quality of honey produced in </span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><em><span style="font-weight: normal;">Apis mellifera</span></em></span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> colonies. The experiment was carried out in an apiary owned by the Embrapa Meio-Norte, in Castelo do Piauí, Piauí State, Brazil. Bee colonies were placed under the shade provided by straw, polypropylene screen (80% shading), and trees, and under direct solar radiation, in a completely randomized design, with six replications. Data concerning beehives weight and breeding and feeding areas were analyzed by using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Honey samples collected from beehives were submitted to chemical analyses, in order to determine hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), acidity, and diastase activities. It was observed that the artificial covers did not provide significant beneficial effects on the colonies development. Thermoregulation was impaired in the beehives kept under polypropylene screen and those directly exposed to the sun, in the dry season. The arboreal shading provided </span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">the faster development for the breeding area </span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">and the straw and arboreal shadings favored the maintenance of lower HMF levels in the honey.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-style: normal; text-align: justify; font-weight: normal; line-height: 120%; text-decoration: none;" lang="pt-BR"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">O sombreamento de colmeias pode ser uma forma de minimizar o estresse térmico sofrido pelas abelhas, em regiões tropicais como o Nordeste brasileiro. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do sombreamento proporcionado por diferentes coberturas, sobre o desenvolvimento e a qualidade do mel de colônias de </span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span lang="pt-BR"><em><span style="font-weight: normal;">Apis mellifera</span></em></span></span></span></span><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">, em ensaio conduzido no apiário da Embrapa Meio-Norte, em Castelo do Piauí (PI). Foram instaladas colmeias sob coberturas de palha, tela sombrite (80% de sombreamento), árvores e em pleno sol, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com seis repetições. Os dados referentes à massa das colmeias e áreas com crias e alimento foram submetidos a análise de variância, pelo teste de Kruskal-Wallis. Amostras de mel das colmeias foram analisadas, quanto aos teores de hidroximetilfurfural (HMF), acidez e diastase. Verificou-se que as coberturas artificiais não proporcionaram efeitos benéficos significativos no desenvolvimento das colônias. A termorregulação foi prejudicada nas colmeias mantidas sob a cobertura de tela sombrite e naquelas expostas ao sol, no período de estiagem. O sombreamento arbóreo propiciou desenvolvimento mais rápido da área de cria e o sombreamento das coberturas construídas com palha e o arbóreo favoreceram a manutenção de níveis mais baixos de HMF no mel.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Keywords
