Redai dili (Mar 2023)
Diagnosis of Territorial Space Ecological Restoration Areas in Urban Agglomeration: A Case Study of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area
Abstract
Territorial space ecological restoration has become a significant strategy for the construction of China's ecological civilization. It is also an important strategic task related to national ecological security and human well-being. The continuous expansion of space in urban agglomerations and the high-intensity development of cities have exacerbated the fragmentation of natural landscapes. The ecological security of urban agglomerations and the ecological restoration of territorial spaces have become key issues of common concern to the government and scholars. Currently, the research on ecological restoration of territorial space mostly focuses on the identification of ecological restoration areas based on the key components of ecological security patterns and rarely discusses the coordinated protection and restoration of urban agglomerations by combining the ecological security patterns with human activities. It is particularly necessary to identify the ecological restoration areas and build a technical paradigm for ecological protection and territorial space restoration that can provide a basic support for the ecological integration, construction, and sustainable development of urban agglomerations. Based on ecological network construction and human disturbance assessment, this study diagnoses the territorial space ecological restoration areas of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and proposes ecological protection and restoration strategies for the territorial space ecological source restoration area, ecological corridor restoration area, and stepping stone restoration area. The results showed that: (1) Human activities in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area had high interference intensities and a wide impact on the ecological environment; areas with high and relatively high interference accounted for 48.65% of the total area, mainly concentrated in the central part of the Greater Bay Area. (2) The ecological network of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area presented a relatively stable characteristic pattern of "2 breadth lines and 4 length lines". The 2-breadth lines included the continuous mountains in the north and the ecological protection belt of the southern coastal waters. The 4-length lines included the eastern and western land corridors and the central water corridors. (3) The ecological source restoration area of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area was 4,687.42 km2, the ecological corridor restoration length was 1,362.71 km, and the stepping stone restoration area was 833.82 km2, mainly distributed in Zhaoqing, Huizhou, and Jiangmen. To limit human disturbance and restore ecological functions, strategies for territorial space ecological restoration were proposed based on the ecological network function and structural integrity; (4) It is urgent for government departments to overcome the concept of regionalism and build a consensus on the co-disposal of ecological restoration in the territorial space. The construction of cross-domain collaborative governance institutions will efficiently promote the ecological restoration of cross-regional territorial spaces. Considering both human and ecological systems, this study discussed the ecological restoration schema in key areas of ecological networks, coastal ecological restoration areas, and trans-regional ecological restoration areas. The method for urban agglomeration territorial space ecological restoration was formed, including "ecological network pattern-human activity disturbance-restoration area diagnosis-restoration strategy," which will provide a framework for promoting the territorial space ecological protection and restoration in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.
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