Genetic and Epigenetic Aspects of Skin Collagen Fiber Turnover and Functioning
Nikolay N. Potekaev,
Olga B. Borzykh,
German V. Medvedev,
Marina M. Petrova,
Oksana A. Gavrilyuk,
Elena I. Karpova,
Vera V. Trefilova,
Olga M. Demina,
Tatiana E. Popova,
Natalia A. Shnayder
Affiliations
Nikolay N. Potekaev
Department of Skin Disease and Cosmetology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia
Olga B. Borzykh
Shared Core Facilities “Molecular and Cell Technologies”, V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk 660022, Russia
German V. Medvedev
Department of Hand Surgery with Microsurgical Equipment, Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, St. Petersburg 195427, Russia
Marina M. Petrova
Shared Core Facilities “Molecular and Cell Technologies”, V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk 660022, Russia
Oksana A. Gavrilyuk
Shared Core Facilities “Molecular and Cell Technologies”, V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk 660022, Russia
Elena I. Karpova
Department of Skin Disease and Cosmetology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia
Vera V. Trefilova
Center of Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology, V. M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology, St. Petersburg 192019, Russia
Olga M. Demina
Department of Skin Disease and Cosmetology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia
Tatiana E. Popova
Department of Epidemiology of Non-Infectious Diseases, Yakutsk Scientific Center for Complex Problems, Yakutsk 677000, Russia
Natalia A. Shnayder
Shared Core Facilities “Molecular and Cell Technologies”, V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk 660022, Russia
One of the most important functions of the skin, i.e., protection from mechanical damage, is ensured by collagen fibers and their interaction with other elements in the extracellular matrix. Collagen fiber turnover is a complex multi-stage process. At each stage, a disruption may occur, leading to a decrease in the mechanical properties of the connective tissue. Clinically, collagen formation disorders manifest themselves as increased flabbiness and looseness of the skin and as early signs of facial aging. In addition to the clinical picture, it is important for cosmetologists and dermatologists to understand the etiology and pathogenesis of collagenopathies. In our review, we summarized and systematized the available information concerning the role of genetic and epigenetic factors in skin collagen fiber turnover. Furthermore, we focused on the functions of different types of collagens present in the skin. Understanding the etiology of impaired collagen formation can allow doctors to prescribe pathogenetically based treatments, achieve the most effective results, and minimize adverse reactions.
