A hydrocele is a collection of serous fluid between the layers of the membrane (tunica vaginalis) that surrounds the testis or along the spermatic cord, which affects testicular function. This paper comprehensive analyzed the Etiology, pathogenesis and treatment of hydrocele basing on the theory of the circular flow of Qi, and provided reference for prevention and clinical treatment of hydrocele. (水疝患者睾丸局部的血液循环障碍, 若不及时干预, 则可能损伤睾丸功能, 影响患者生育能力。本研究基于“一气周流”理论, 对水疝的病因病机及治疗思路进行综合性分析, 以期为水疝的防治提供参考。)