پژوهشهای مدیریت عمومی (Nov 2022)
Localization of Green Management Model (GMM) for Government Organizations (Case Study of Telecommunication Infrastructure Company)
Abstract
AbstractThe research method in this study is applied based on the purpose of the research is practical type and based on correlation method. The statistical population includes all managers and experts of the Telecommunication Infrastructure Company in the number of 1590 people which the number of samples was considered 310 people using Cochran's method. The first questionnaire was compilated and distributed for 51 identified factors and after Delphi analysis it was decreased to 18 factors. Then, a secondary questionnaire with 63 questions was compilated with the help of extracted factors and with the help of confirmatory factor analysis, the authenticity of the questions was confirmed. Finally, the final model was tested using confirmatory factor analysis and AMOS software. All components identified in the statistical test were confirmed.IntroductionThe increase in the development of societies has led to the indiscriminate exploitation of natural resources, environmental degradation, various pollution, etc., which may be a threat to the sustainable development of those societies. Therefore, it is necessary that the organizations as the largest members of the communities, recognize their behavioral effects on the environment and endeavor to reduce such negative influences on the natural ecosystems. Accordingly, the “green organization” as a new term entered into the organizational management meaning an organization defining its missions, purposes and tasks based on the protection of the environment and its scarce and limited resources to be used optimally. A green decision- is a decision made for the protection of the natural resources and improvement of the life quality. In Iran, as the other countries, protecting the environment and moving towards sustainable development was started from the first economic, social and cultural development plan of the country and continued in the next plans. In Iran, the green management model is not limited to the information and culture, and it includes the areas such as the management of the energy carriers, materials, paper and environmental protection This study is going to identify the factors affecting the green management localization of the government organizations.Case studyIn the first stage, the research model was made by distributing questionnaires using the Delphi technique and enjoying the statistical community including university professors, consultants, experts and managers of various departments of the Telecommunication Infrastructure Company having a scientific background related to green management. The second stage was to review, describe and evaluate the selected cases based on the concepts of the developed model and the statistical population including 1590 managers and experts of the Telecommunication Infrastructure Company. Sampling in this study was stratified random type with offering equal chances to all members. The sample size was calculated using the "Cochran" equation; the number of samples was 533 based on the said equation.Materials and MethodsLibrary method, field method, etc. were used to collect data and information required for the study. Delphi method was the basis of the first questionnaire, and the second one was used to evaluate the final variables using heuristic factor analysis, and then, the validity and reliability of the questionnaires were evaluated. To analyze the opinions of the experts, Delphi technique was used and the qualitative data was replaced and analyzed with trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. In Delphi method, the mental data of experts was transformed into objective data, using statistical analysis. This method led to consensus in decision-making. The implementation stages of Delphi method were a combination of the implementation of Delphi method and the analysis of information using the definitions of fuzzy set theory. Experts usually presented their opinions in the form of the minimum value, i.e. the most possible value (fuzzy numbers), and the average amount of disagreement of each expert was calculated from the total average, then the information was sent to experts for obtaining their new comments. In the next stage, each expert presented a new opinion or corrected this one based on the information obtained from the previous stage. This process continued until the mean of the fuzzy numbers became sufficiently stable. The value of difference of opinion for Delphi phases in this study was 2.0. To determine normality or abnormality of the data, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used. Due to the fact that in a large sample size, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test reports a significant level of less than 0.05 and since the sample size of this study was 533 people, in order to determine the deviation from the normality of the variables, skewness and elongation indices were used, and the normality of the data was confirmed.Discussion and ResultsTo confirm the convergent validity of the research variables, confirmatory factor analysis (using AMOS software) and the model fitting characteristics were presented subsequently. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed for all components of the research, and then, the general model was evaluated. Considering the obtained significance level and CR value above 1.96 for each of the non-standard regression weights, all relationships in the model could be verified. Overall, the results of the confirmatory factor analysis of the first stage indicated that all 19 components remained for the green management model. 19 components have been extracted for the whole model. The model showed "total components" in the standard estimate of operating loads. The factor load of the strategic green education component has been reported to be less than 0.4. Considering the obtained level of significance and CR value less than 1.96 for strategic green training, in order to improve the model, this path could be removed from the original model and the model could be implemented again. While the calculated values of t for other factor loads and path coefficients were 1.96, the final model was re-fitted to ensure the final model was fitted after removing the strategic green training. The x2-test as a good fit indicator. was true under the conditions of multivariate normality. According to the results, the amount of chi-square with a degree of freedom of 54 for this model was 135.326 and its significance level was estimated to be 0.000 which was significant at the level of 0.05. So, the chi-square test rejected the exact fit of the model with the observed data. Regarding the ratio of chi-square to the degree of freedom, the value below 5 was acceptable. In the present model, the value was 2.081 which indicated the proper fit of the model. In the present research model, the RMSEA value was estimated to be 0.058, which indicated the model had an acceptable fit. Other indicators were more than 0.9 or very close to it to meet the research model. Therefore, the data of this study had a good fit with the factor structure as well as the theoretical basis of the research and in general, the proposed model was a suitable one, and the experimental data were well matched with it.ConclusionThe purpose of this research was "to localize the green management model for the infrastructure communications company". To achieve this goal, firstly the relevant literature in the field of green management, the research indicators were extracted with a qualitative approach of Delphi technique, and then research model of components was designed in confirmatory with factor analysis (CFA). The comparison of the results of the previous researches with those of this study indicated that the findings of this research with regard to the factors of "green technological innovation, "reducing greenhouse gas emissions", "Green Management Culture" and "Limiting Environmental Impacts", "Recycling", "Reducing Energy Consumption", "Waste reduction " "Renewable energy use", "Green education Strategy", "Resource Management", "environment", "Optimal Consumption, Productivity", "green innovation" brought up by the reputable theoristsof this science (named in the references part), were in line with each other, and there were no discrepancies in terms of the results .
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