International Journal of Nanomedicine (Nov 2022)
Biodistribution and Toxicological Effects of Ultra-Small Pt Nanoparticles Deposited on Au Nanorods (Au@Pt NRs) in Mice with Intravenous Injection
Abstract
Aiyun Yang,1 Tao Wen,2 Boya Hao,2 Yiling Meng,2 Xue Zhang,2 Tian Wang,2 Jie Meng,2 Jian Liu,2 Jianhua Wang,1 Haiyan Xu2 1Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Department of Translational Medicine, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Haiyan Xu; Tao Wen, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, 5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 106 915 6437, Email [email protected]; [email protected]: Pt-based nanostructures are one of the promising nanomaterials for being used in catalysts, sensors, and therapeutics. However, their impacts on the health and biological systems are not adequately understood yet.Methods: In this work, nanorods composed of ultrasmall platinum (Pt) nanoparticles deposited on the surface and gold nanorod as the core (Au@Pt NRs) were synthesized, and the distribution and toxic effects of Au@Pt NRs were investigated in C57BL/6 mice with intravenous injection by using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), transmission electron microscope (TEM), hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and blood cell analyzer.Results: At the time point of Day 1, Day 8 and Day 16 post injection of Au@Pt NRs (6 mg/kg of Pt atom), Au@Pt NRs were mainly accumulated in the liver and spleen. The energy dispersive spectrometer mapping images showed Au@Pt NRs experienced quick corrosion and Au released faster than Pt in the physiological environments. The catalase (CAT) activity in tissues increased slightly in the early stage of the Au@Pt NRs exposure and went down to the normal level. With HE staining, inflammatory cells infiltration could be seen in the tissues, while no significant influences were detected on the blood biochemistry and the function of liver and kidney.Conclusion: In conclusion, intravenously injected Au@Pt NRs mainly distributed in the liver and spleen with comparable levels, and did not exert any significant toxic effects on the organs’ function within two weeks; meanwhile, Au@Pt NRs were able to degrade, which indicated acceptable safety to the mice and potentials of biomedical application.Keywords: noble metal nanoparticles, distribution, toxicity, oxidative stress, intravenous injection
