Hydration behavior and formation of strätlingite compound (C2ASH8) in a bio-cement based on tri-calcium silicate and mono-calcium aluminate for dental applications: influence of curing medium

Abstract

Abstract Background The aim of this work was to study the influence of simulated body fluid (SBF) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (in Mueller Hinton Broth, MHB media) on the hydration reactions, formation of strätlingite (C2ASH8) and morphology of a composite material based on nano-size tri-calcium silicate (C3S) and tri-calcium aluminate (CA) phases. The two experimental phases were prepared in laboratory by firing the required molar ratios of chemically pure reactants by solid-state reactions at elevated temperatures. Investigation of setting time, micro-hardness, pH of immersion solution, X-ray diffraction analysis, infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and cytotoxicity were also carried out. Results The results emphasized that the hydrated compounds of C3S phase can partly solve the problem of conversion process through the formation of the more stable and highly mechanical stratlingite hydrate (C2ASH8) plates that results in an increase in hardness values for samples cured in distilled water (DW) at 37 °C. The SBF solution showed more strength loss than those cured in Pseudomonas aeruginosa microbe (MHB) medium bacterial solution. SEM and EDAX analyses emphasized the formation of hydroxyapatite at 37 °C. Conclusions The prepared cements are promising for dental application.

Keywords

• Tri-calcium silicate
• Mono-calcium aluminate
• Calcium silicate
• Hydrate
• Strätlingite
• Cytotoxicity