Effect of temperature on fecundity and development of the Giant Willow Aphid, Tuberolachnus salignus (Sternorrhyncha: Aphididae)

Abstract

This study investigates the thermal requirements, nymphal development rates and the fecundity of both alate and apterous adults of the giant willow aphid, Tuberolachnus salignus (Gmelin) at several temperatures. Nymphal development rate increased linearly with temperature. It was estimated that 196 ± 4 degree-days above a threshold temperature of 5.5 ± 0.3°C were required for apterae to complete development from birth to final ecdysis. The alate morph was significantly less fecund than the apterous morph and its fecundity did not vary with temperature. The apterous morph displayed highest fecundity at 20°C. Survival to reproduction was lower in the alate morph, but temperature had no effect on the proportion reproducing in either morph.

Keywords

• aphididae
• lachninae
• tuberolachnus salignus
• developmental rate
• threshold temperature
• fecundity
• survival
• intrinsic rate of increase
• willow
• salix
• aphid
• short rotation coppice