Morphological and Anatomical Characteristics of One Year Old Offshoots of Apple Rootstocks

Abstract

Anatomical and morphological characteristics of the vegetative offshoots of apple rootstocks (5 clones rootstock M9: T337; Burgmer 984; Fleuron 56; Pajam®1 Lancep and Pajam®2 Cepiland; Jork 9, Mark (MAC 9), M26, MM106 and Supporter 4) were examined in 2013 and 2014, during dormancy. The tested rootstocks were grown in modified soil substrate recommended for the production of container trees, which is a mixture of garden soil, sand and peat in a 1: 1: 1. Diameters of shoots were determined for all rootstocks at a height of 25 cm, as well as the total cross-sectional area, the surface crust in cross-section and the percentages of bark in the total offshoot cross-sectional area. Offshoot diameter is the largest of Pajam 2 rootstock, and consequently also the cross-sectional area, while the lowest value of the diameter and cross-sectional area at the rootstock cross section was ascertained for Mark. The largest share in the total crust in cross section was recorded in rootstock Supporter 4, and the lowest in the rootstock Pajam 2. Clones of rootstock M9 mutually show no significant differences in terms of percentage share of the crust in cross-section. There was no direct link between the crust in cross-section shoot and shoot diameter.

Keywords

• crust
• wood
• offshot
• cross section