Evaluation of Prognostic and Predictive Factors in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblatic Leukemia Patients Admitted to Shahid Sadoughi Hospital

Abstract

Introduction: The most common neoplasm in childhood is acute leukemia and about 30% of all cancers are luekemias. Treatment based on prognostic factors has improved survival rate during the last two decades. As prognostic factors differ in different populations, this study was done to evaluate the factors in Yazd. Methods: This descriptive observational study was done as a case series study. The population under study included 56 children in the age range of 0-14 years and all of them were admitted to Shahid Sadoghi Hospital of Yazd. To obtain predicting clinical (age, gender.hepatomegaly…) and laboratory (CBC, LDH, Flow cytometry…) factors in outcome of disease (Relapse and death), statistic technique of Cox Proportional Hazard Ratio and chi-square tests were used. All prognostic factors were with univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: Only WBC count 50000 in both univariate and multivariate analyses was predictive factor for death. (p.v:0.008, HR: 21.77, 95% CI=2.33 -75.11). Conclusion: Patients with WBC count 50000 were 22 times more at risk of death than those with lesser counts. Therefore, these patients should be considered as a high risk group.

Keywords

• Prognostic factor
• Acute lymphoblastic Leukemia
• Predictive factor